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Author Topic:   Space Topic for a school project?
AstroAutos
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posted 09-01-2010 01:31 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for AstroAutos   Click Here to Email AstroAutos     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I have very important history exams coming up for which we have to write up a 2000 word report on any history-related topic.

I preferably want to do something related to the moon landings and the Apollo programme, but when I suggested that as a topic to my teacher she said it was too broad, however she did say I could narrow it down a bit and maybe choose a particular element of the moon landings or perhaps an individual related to it.

Any opinions or advice would be greatly appreciated!

GACspaceguy
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posted 09-01-2010 02:15 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for GACspaceguy   Click Here to Email GACspaceguy     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I would focus on the 1201 amd 1202 alarms during the landings. The issue that caused the alarms, Bales response and how he knew what the alarms were when others did not. Also how others played into the go for landing. I think there are a number of details that you could report on that tells the complete history and the importance of giving the go for landing.

moorouge
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posted 09-01-2010 02:30 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for moorouge   Click Here to Email moorouge     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I'd suggest "Myths and misconceptions about the Moon landings".
quote:
Originally posted by GACspaceguy:
Bales response and how he knew what the alarms were when others did not.
This is one. The call was made by Jack Garman. Bales simply passed the message on.

sts205cdr
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posted 09-01-2010 05:00 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for sts205cdr   Click Here to Email sts205cdr     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Did the ground realize at the time that the alarms occurred because Aldrin had both the landing radar and rendevous radar on at the same time? Did subsequent crews use just the landing radar?

GACspaceguy
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posted 09-02-2010 04:36 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for GACspaceguy   Click Here to Email GACspaceguy     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
quote:
Originally posted by moorouge:
The call was made by Jack Garman. Bales simply passed the message on.
Understand that Jack was the guy which is why I stated "Bales response and HOW HE KNEW what the alarms were when others did not." He knew because others told him. I posted it that way to allow the student to do his own studying and discovery.

I am sure there are a number of us that could write a paper for the students but the reason they are tasked to do the paper is to learn.

I would have the paper focus on positives rather than how everything is not as it appears on the surface, educate with the fact that all great events are a team effort. Even those who climb a mountain solo do it with the equipment someone else designed.

moorouge
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posted 09-02-2010 05:15 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for moorouge   Click Here to Email moorouge     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Am duly chastised. Me Mum will write a note excusing my mistake on the grounds of...!

Paul23
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posted 09-02-2010 07:06 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Paul23   Click Here to Email Paul23     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I could imagine someone like John Glenn would make a good subject for a history paper. When you consider his military career, his time as an astronaut, including his second flight and his political achievements it would give you a wide range of subjects to discuss.

As something of an iconic public figure he would also give you scope to discuss his role as a figurehead and role model in society when perhaps that sort of character isn't around so much any more.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 09-02-2010 11:50 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
quote:
Originally posted by AstroAutos:
I could narrow it down a bit and maybe choose a particular element of the moon landings or perhaps an individual related to it.
A few ideas:
  • Direct ascent vs. Earth-orbit rendezvous vs. Lunar-orbit rendezvous and John C. Houbolt's role in reaching the decision as to how to land men on the Moon;

  • Profile the NASA career of Joe Engle, contrasting how he came to space agency already having flown in space but missed his opportunity to walk on the Moon -- and why.

  • Flags on the Moon, wherein you could discuss a range of topics: the Space Treaty and the sovereignty of the Moon; differing accounts over how the original U.S. flag was obtained; how the flag was flown and deployed; the difficulties encountered planting the flag and what the fate of the flags are today.

moorouge
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posted 09-02-2010 01:16 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for moorouge   Click Here to Email moorouge     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
If I may don my history teacher hat and offer the following advice.

Your teacher is quite right and you should concentrate on one particular aspect of the Apollo programme. I'm not altogether certain of what level you are at in the education system, but I guess this is for a dissertation at A-level.

Meticulously list ALL the books and articles you consult. Also, make sure you reference any quotes you may use.

Avoid any aspect which has been covered before in detail. Teachers and examiners have nasty suspicious minds and are quick to spot things which have been copied. Top marks are given to work which shows some evidence of original research.

Following on from this, if possible select a topic that you come to fresh and without any pre-conceived notions.

Don't be afraid to express your own conclusions. So long as you can justify them you are just as entitled to your own view as anyone else. That's why history is such a wonderful subject to study.

Try to pick a topic which has material that is available to consult but not necessarily mainstream and will show that you have done some individual research - but not copy.

Take copious notes while researching. Once done, organise them and then write your topic from your notes.

Finally, I wish you every success. Let us know what you choose and how you get on.

If you twist my arm and want a serious suggestion that, as an examiner, would get my attention and set you off on the path to an A*, I would go for the history Apollo had on Michoud and Brevard County. Why these communities were selected; the social impact on them; what happened to them post Apollo; etc..

AstroAutos
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posted 09-02-2010 03:15 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for AstroAutos   Click Here to Email AstroAutos     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Thanks so much for all the contributions so far. I'm writing down every single suggestion and after a few days I will decide so keep them coming... everyone's been so helpful so far!

This by the way is for my Leaving Cert year next year (the equivalent of the A-Levels) & will account for 20% of my entire marks in History so it's very important.

I have to have my title and a good idea of what my project will consist of by October 5th but I want to be well prepared and have a good idea hopefully in the next week or so.

Keep those suggestions coming!

Jay Chladek
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posted 09-02-2010 03:56 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Jay Chladek   Click Here to Email Jay Chladek     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
One good one I can think of involves the history of computer navigation, starting with the MIT lab project to create an inertial guidance system for an airplane in the 1950s, leading to the Apollo navigation computer in the 1960s and how it applies to GPS systems today.

MarylandSpace
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posted 09-02-2010 04:21 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for MarylandSpace   Click Here to Email MarylandSpace     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
On the lighter side, why not use toilets in space as your topic... it is a question that is always asked of the astronauts.

FFrench
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posted 09-02-2010 04:32 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for FFrench     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
You might want to check this with your teacher, as they might have strict ideas about what kind of primary evidence you can use - but...

A lot of students can use other people's sources to write about historical events. Normally, they will have no choice. You must be one of the few who have met some of these people first hand.

If you have documented evidence of conversations with or talks by some of the astronauts and flight controllers you have met (perhaps a talk you attended ended up online), to be able to examine part of the manned space program mixed in with first-hand recollections you witnessed from a participant would certainly make your paper stand out.

AstroAutos
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posted 09-02-2010 05:05 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for AstroAutos   Click Here to Email AstroAutos     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
quote:
Originally posted by FFrench:
If you have documented evidence of conversations with or talks by some of the astronauts and flight controllers you have met (perhaps a talk you attended ended up online), to be able to examine part of the manned space program mixed in with first-hand recollections you witnessed from a participant would certainly make your paper stand out.
You're right Francis, I have notes written down from various lectures I've attended at Autographica with Jim McDivitt, Gerry Griffin, Fred Haise, Vance Brand and a smaller amount of in-person quotes from Dave Scott, Al Worden and Scott Carpenter. I am also in the process of organising a 10 minute one on one interview with one of the Apollo guests going to Autographica this month so I'll see how that works out.

My first thought is because I have met some of the lunar voyagers was to perhaps do a piece about how walking on/flying to the moon changed those men's lives forever, and the experiences they felt throughout the mission running about in 1/6th G, looking back at the Earth etc. - I wonder are there many types of essays I can do whilst tying in a few quotes with those I have met?

moorouge
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posted 09-03-2010 02:04 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for moorouge   Click Here to Email moorouge     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Again with my teacher/examiner hat on - this is a good idea, but also one full of pitfalls. At the end of the day you are writing a history essay. You don't want an examiner to say, "This is very interesting but it isn't history."

If you can find a common theme that fits all the astronauts you have met and a historical context - fine. Use their quotes to add and enhance your topic. You say you have a one on one interview coming up. Why not use that to ask specific questions.

Remember, that personal experiences have to be set in a historical context.

Anyway - go for it.

Paul23
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posted 09-03-2010 04:08 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Paul23   Click Here to Email Paul23     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Maybe that raises one more question, is there a requirement for you to argue a case in your paper by discussing the merits of different viewpoints then provide your own conclusions?

If you were required to do that then you could have a look at Kennedy's motivation for setting a moon landing as the goal for NASA. Was he motivated by science, politics, assuring his place in history, deflecting attention away from domestic and foreign issues, competing with the soviets etc.

moorouge
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posted 09-03-2010 06:13 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for moorouge   Click Here to Email moorouge     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
quote:
Originally posted by Paul23:
If you were required to do that then you could have a look at Kennedy's motivation for setting a moon landing as the goal for NASA.
This argument has raged in another thread - as I know to my cost.

Paul23
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posted 09-03-2010 07:11 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Paul23   Click Here to Email Paul23     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
So I saw! I think the fact that despite there being many opinions on the subject, yet no definitive answer makes it potentially quite interesting.

I think Gene Cernan makes a comment about Kennedy's motivations in "In The Shadow of the Moon" which sums it up quite well.

Blackarrow
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posted 09-03-2010 01:37 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Blackarrow     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
What about reporting on the problem of lunar dust, and the difficulties it increasingly caused as stays became longer? There is a lot of material on this, including the Apollo Lunar Surface Journal.

canyon42
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posted 09-03-2010 08:27 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for canyon42   Click Here to Email canyon42     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Something on the efforts to "convert" the Apollo astronauts into practical lunar geologists would catch my interest.

AstroAutos
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posted 09-04-2010 10:19 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for AstroAutos   Click Here to Email AstroAutos     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
quote:
Originally posted by canyon42:
Something on the efforts to "convert" the Apollo astronauts into practical lunar geologists would catch my interest.
Now there's one that would be good to include some astronaut recollections in - does anyone know any good sources of information where I could get some good info on the training the astronauts received with Lee Silver and Farouk El-Baz before the mission (like studying lunar maps, etc and going out in the field) and maybe bits of info on some major geologic discoveries on the Apollo landings (especially the later J missions, what with the Genesis Rock etc.)

Any books/websites that come to mind?

Robert Pearlman
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posted 09-04-2010 10:58 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The Lunar and Planetary Institute has a couple of resources that may be of use:

Blackarrow
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posted 09-04-2010 11:20 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Blackarrow     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I would strongly endorse Robert's choice of "To a Rocky Moon." A copy of this wonderful book should be on the bookshelves of anyone who has an interest in the exploration of the Moon.

AstroAutos
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posted 09-04-2010 06:49 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for AstroAutos   Click Here to Email AstroAutos     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I'll have to ask my History teacher to be sure, but would the efforts to convert the Apollo astronauts to geology and some of their discoveries come under the heading of 'History'... I think so but my parents are apprehensive.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 09-04-2010 07:00 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
How the astronauts were trained in lunar geology is history that carries with it lessons for the future space explorers, and contrasting the Apollo moonwalkers' experiences selecting samples while on the lunar surface with what they learned before they launched would make for a substantial topic, in my opinion.

Though it is not applicable as a primary (or secondary) source given that it was fictionalized, one example that supports this topic as applicable is its inclusion in the miniseries "From The Earth to the Moon," which was intended to tell the history of the Apollo moon missions.

AstroAutos
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posted 09-04-2010 07:03 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for AstroAutos   Click Here to Email AstroAutos     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Thanks a lot Robert... that makes me feel a lot better.

canyon42
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posted 09-04-2010 07:36 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for canyon42   Click Here to Email canyon42     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Adding to what Robert said, I would think that exploring the level of success in trying to transfer a particular skill set from one job to a seemingly entirely different job would be valuable. Along with that you could also delve into the prejudice and misconceptions that each "side" (scientists and astronauts) held toward the other group and how those attitudes changed through the geology training.

Good luck with whatever topic you end up pursuing. Obviously I prefer this one. :^)

AstroAutos
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posted 09-04-2010 07:45 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for AstroAutos   Click Here to Email AstroAutos     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I think this geology topic has a lot of potential, so thanks a lot for your suggestion... and thanks to everyone who has put suggestions in, and keep them coming as my decision isn't quite set in stone yet.

I'd like to buy a copy of Don Wilhelm's 'To a Rocky Moon' so if anyone has a copy email me as on Amazon the prices are all far too high, and when I found one for $5, it wouldn't ship to Ireland.

Thanks.

GACspaceguy
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posted 09-05-2010 05:59 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for GACspaceguy   Click Here to Email GACspaceguy     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Shane, I bought that $5 copy. If this works for you send me your address off line and I will loan you the book for your paper, when you are done just send it back to me so I can read it. It will take a few days for it to come to me and then another few days for me to send it to you. If that works for you let me know.

moorouge
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posted 09-05-2010 06:49 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for moorouge   Click Here to Email moorouge     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
quote:
Originally posted by AstroAutos:
I think so but my parents are apprehensive.
I think your parents are right to be apprehensive. As I said earlier, is an examiner going to say, "This is interesting, but it isn't history."

If you really intend to go along with this as a topic, I'd suggest that one way round the difficulty is to set it in it's historical context, i.e. why was NASA not keen to have a scientist (geologist) go to the Moon? Once this has been established you can then go on to discuss how NASA got round this problem by training astronauts to do the job and how successful, or otherwise, this was.

Paul23
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posted 09-06-2010 07:58 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Paul23   Click Here to Email Paul23     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I think I'd tend to agree with moorouge.

The risk with a subject like this is you might find you are having to do a lot of checking back to your original remit to make sure you are discussing the historical aspect and implications and not the technical skills required to turn a pilot into a geologist.

I agree this is an interesting area for a wider paper, but my concern would be that you might be creating a rod for your own back by taking on a subject that could easily divert you from 'history' to other areas.

AstroAutos
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posted 09-06-2010 12:20 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for AstroAutos   Click Here to Email AstroAutos     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Hi moorouge and Paul -

Thanks for your opinions.

The type of format I'm thinking of going along the lines of is basically talking about the early Apollo landing missions (11, 12 and 14) and how geology wasn't really a top priority. I would then go on to talk about the comprehensive training the astronauts went through for Apollos 15-17 with Farouk El-Baz and Lee Silver and how they were essentially trained geologists by the time they flew to the Moon. I would then of course mention some of the discoveries they made on these later 'J' missions,such as the Genesis Rock on Apollo 15 and the Orange Soil on Apollo 17, which would probably not have been made without that training.

Surely this would come under the title of History?

I mean I might be wrong and I will of course check it with my teacher before starting in earnest, but surely the training and subsequent discoveries made by the Apollo 15-17 astronauts is a huge part of history,and one of the main reasons why we know what we do about the Moon?

moorouge
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posted 09-06-2010 01:32 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for moorouge   Click Here to Email moorouge     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Shane, sounds as if you're on the right track. However, don't get too bogged down on the training aspect. The historical perspective comes from why the astronauts needed training and the value added to our knowledge of the Moon resulting from that training. What do we know about the Moon that we wouldn't have known without input from the astronauts who walked there?

It might be worth a paragraph, or two, on the difference, if such, between the 11, 12 and 14 missions and the 'J' missions that followed as a result of any training and why this was. Would Armstrong have recognised the Genesis rock?

As a side issue. The 'orange' soil as I understand it, didn't turn out to be so 'orange' when it got back to Earth. Perhaps it's worth mentioning that often, as in this case, discoveries are made by accident!

Go for it! Best of luck. And, not to put too much pressure on you - we all expect an A*.

AstroAutos
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posted 09-06-2010 04:49 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for AstroAutos   Click Here to Email AstroAutos     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
quote:
Originally posted by moorouge:
Go for it! Best of luck. And, not to put too much pressure on you - we all expect an A*.
Moorouge, thanks so much for your input.

As a History teacher yourself, your advice is indeed much appreciated (as is everyone else's.)

And don't worry, I'll most certainly be going for the A*.

I'll be sure to send you guys a copy of my finished work by email when I'm done to get your opinions.

Paul23
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posted 09-07-2010 02:51 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Paul23   Click Here to Email Paul23     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
That sounds like a pretty good approach to the topic.

I think the good news here is your paper should really stand out as I can't imagine too many others will be looking at a subject like this, plus you have the advantage of having a genuine interest and passion for your subject when I suspect some will be writing about things they has less interest in.

robsouth
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posted 09-08-2010 04:12 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for robsouth     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
If this was my assignment I would be very wary about going for training astronauts geology. I would be concerned that the lecturer would hand the paper back and say, "That's a very interesting description of geology training but what has it really got to do with history?"

I would go for the question, 'why did America choose to go to the moon in 1961'? Not only does this topic have lots of scope for research but it directly ties into history.

You could describe the events of the time that affected the decision such as a new U.S. president wanting to recover from the Bay of Pigs fiasco. You could describe the personality clash between Khrushchev and Kennedy thus bringing in historical figures. The opposing ideologies of socialism versus capitalism thus covering late 50's early 60's politics...

How was it that an American president could sell a multi-billion space venture to the American tax payers when today's president has just cancelled one?

How did the astronauts feel about this venture, did they see it as just another job or were they indeed cold war warriors? You could ask the astronaut you are going to interview how he felt about it. How did the American people feel when Sputnik was launched? Did they feel terror at the prospect of Soviet nuclear satellites raining down nuclear weapons onto their cities? Does this compare with the American public's reaction to 9/11?

What were the economic factors at that time? How was it possible to pay for such an expensive program?

You could put this under the heading, "The Apollo program was just another battle in the Cold War", a direct quote from Frank Borman, and then go onto to explain how Apollo was born from two opposing ideologies, that were headed by two determined heads of state fighting for the hearts and minds of people all around the world in an atmosphere of distrust and fear similar to that felt after 9/11.

Go onto dispel the myth that Apollo was born from mankind's desire to explore and improve scientific knowledge.

Any history teacher would have some knowledge of these events and so would have a better understanding and would be able to mark more objectively than if you were writing about astronauts trying to be taught what to look out for on the lunar regolith.

moorouge
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posted 09-09-2010 02:32 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for moorouge   Click Here to Email moorouge     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Rob, this topic has been widely discussed on another thread where all the points you mention have been aired.

robsouth
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posted 09-09-2010 12:20 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for robsouth     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
My post was not a question requiring discussion, it was in itself an answer to the question, “Space Topic for a school project”? Whether what I posted requires discussion is neither here nor there, that’s not the purpose of the post.

jasonelam
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posted 09-09-2010 05:16 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for jasonelam   Click Here to Email jasonelam     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Rob as a Social Studies teacher-to-be I find that the topics you discuss are interesting and unique. Each has merit and each allows for a wide array of discussions about how the space program/race came to be. Who knows? I might get an Advanced Placement (AP) class and use them

robsouth
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posted 09-11-2010 07:18 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for robsouth     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Well if you do I expect to have an acknowledgment.

I find the history surrounding the space program in the early to mid sixties fascinating, it all ties in nicely together with one event having an effect on so many others and right in the middle is the birth of Apollo.

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