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External Tank Cross Section

Mission: N/A (engineering sample)  
Comment: The loss of Columbia was caused by a piece of ET foam that impacted and resulted in a breach of the left wing

This cross section of the Space Shuttle External Tank's (ET) surface reveals the half inch thick cork/epoxy layer covered with 1 to 2 inches of spray-on foam that prevents the super-cold cryogenic fuels inside the ET from forming ice on its outside. The polyisocyanurate foam also safes the ET's aluminum skin from aerodynamic heat and keeps its internal propellants at an acceptable temperature.

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