posted 04-15-2004 05:00 PM
Dr. Jay Buckey was at Seton Hall University, New Jersey, on April 5, 2004 as part of the Petersheim Academic Exposition, which “celebrate[d] the sights and sounds of knowledge and academic achievement at the University.”Buckey, who in 1993, was chosen as one of three Payload Specialist candidates for the STS-58/Spacelab Life Sciences-1 mission, was the event’s keynote speaker, on the topic of “Life on Mars?”
He was born in 1956 and watched the flights of the early astronauts, thinking, “I’d sure like to be able to be an astronaut.” However, that was only a passing interest. Thirty-seven years later came the Columbia/STS-58 flight, and he, along with Martin Fettman, who flew, and Lawrence Young, were chosen as Payload Specialist candidates for that flight. “The investigators vote for the flight payload specialists and backup. This was the first flight dealing with animal research and Marty’s an outstanding vet, so that’s why he was chosen.”
For the Neurolab mission, “It was like old home week. Jim [Pawelczyk, the other Payload Specialist] had been at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at the same time I was, and I met Rick Searfoss beforehand, as he was pilot of STS-58.
“I was lucky to get the flight I did,” says Buckey. “I was one of the last scientist payload specialists.” (Of the Payload Specialists that flew after STS-90, both Chiaki Mukai and John Glenn, who flew on Discovery/STS-95, had astronaut training, she with the then-NASDA, and he as part of the original seven astronauts selected by NASA; Ilan Ramon, who died on Columbia/STS-107, also had astronaut training, with the Israel Space Agency. All the cosmonauts who have flown on Shuttle have been considered Mission Specialists by NASA.)
A Neurolab-2 flight was discussed but cancelled due to NASA wishing to preserve the launch date of the Endeavour/STS-88 flight, the first International Space Station assembly flight. “I had heard about it, but wasn’t involved with its planning, so I don’t know how real a Neurolab-2 mission was,” he commented. He calls the legacy of Neurolab “the most complex, biomedical flight, showing the different capabilities of Spacelab, showing that we can operate a laboratory in space, and showing that we can do complex, high-tech stuff” in orbit.
Following the Columbia accident, Buckey has been quoted saying that he’d like to go back in space again. “I like space, and I like space exploration.” But unlike Payload Specialist Robert Cenker (Columbia/Mission 61C), he has not applied for the astronaut corps. He realizes that for him, there’s too long a wait between being selected and flying. “If I was accepted, how long would be before I get assigned a flight?” he asked. “It would be tough.”
For his presentation Buckey reviewed evidence for early life on Mars and the challenges of missions to Mars. Buckey began by examining how Mars has remained in the public’s mind, with it being a popular destination in popular media such as Edgar Rice Burrough’s novels, and detailed some of the early experiments to determine how life on Earth may have began – leading to experiments on whether or not life exists on Mars.
“The question is,” Buckey continued, “does the political will exist for a manned Mars mission?”
Afterwards, Buckey answered that question when it was posed to him. “Traditionally, the United States has been a country of explorers. We have an immigrant culture, and a culture that’s been willing to take chances. Space has been a part of our culture – just look at some of the popular movies, which has space as part of its theme somewhere. It’s clear people are fascinated by the space programme,” he said, “but it doesn’t meet an immediate need.
“The problem,” Buckey continued, “is getting that interest into a tangible nuts and bolts programme. Such a programme needs to be sustained through multiple presidential administrations.” Buckey noted that manned Mars missions have been looked at a number of times, starting with Vice President Spiro Agnew in 1969 as the next step after Apollo, and with the first President Bush in 1989.
Buckey also cited the problem of how to present the cost data for a Mars mission to the public. “If we ask people, ‘Should we spend 0.8 percent of the Federal budget on NASA?' they’ll say, ‘That sounds about right.’ Ask them the equivalent, ‘Should we spend $15 billion?’ and they’ll say that’s too expensive.
“I’d like to see a manned Mars mission,” he said. “I hope it does happen.”
But why Mars? “Next to the Earth, Mars is a most interesting place, with a lot of attractions. Not only may life have been there, but it’s possible to be living there in the future.
“And it’s challenging. It’s beyond what’s been done before, and that’s important. If you’re not pushing yourself, you need to ask ‘why?’
“The benefits result from that pushing. Apollo did not set out to develop technology. In 1962, most of the integrated circuits in the United States, and by extension, the world, were used for the Apollo programme. We get a payoff from that every day.”