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Author Topic:   Blue Origin Mars Telecommunications Orbiter
Robert Pearlman
Editor

Posts: 55057
From: Houston, TX
Registered: Nov 1999

posted 08-12-2025 11:40 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Blue Origin release
Blue Origin's Mars Telecommunications Orbiter

Blue Origin designs and manufactures heavy-lift rockets, transporters, landers, and orbiters to explore the Red Planet efficiently and affordably. Built upon our existing and affordable Blue Ring platform, our Mars Telecommunications Orbiter (MTO) is ready to support NASA's Mars mission in 2028.

MTO is designed to establish a high-speed communications relay network for continuous coverage between Earth and Mars with the flexibility to meet future NASA robotic and human exploration needs. The orbiter builds upon Blue Origin's Mars Next-Generation Relay and Mars Sample Return architecture commercial proposals.

MTO provides continuous high-speed communications between Earth and Mars through multiple, steerable high-rate links supported by a broad beam that offers wide-area coverage. This coverage is supplemented with a small number of deployable UHF relay satellites in low Mars orbit, providing UHF coverage to legacy assets and future entry, descent, and landing demonstrations.

MTO's hybrid (electric + chemical) propulsion, maneuvering capability, and capacity greatly expand the windows to get to Mars, reducing mission risk. This system can reach Mars under challenging conditions by efficiently supplementing launch energy with electric propulsion, which is not possible with chemical systems alone.

MTO's solar electric propulsion provides highly efficient delta-v, allowing for more payload mass dedicated to high-performance communications. The platform can carry over 1,000 kg of payload to Mars orbit, depending on specific mission requirements.

Additionally, MTO offers powerful edge processing, data storage, and AI capabilities to meet future Mars science and exploration demands.

SpaceAholic
Member

Posts: 5497
From: Sierra Vista, Arizona
Registered: Nov 1999

posted 08-13-2025 06:09 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for SpaceAholic   Click Here to Email SpaceAholic     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
No mention of extending into one of the Lagrange points to mitigate loss of (Earth/Mars) comms during Mars solar conjunction.

Axman
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Posts: 797
From: Derbyshire UK
Registered: Mar 2023

posted 08-13-2025 07:23 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Axman   Click Here to Email Axman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The one-way and two-way light delays are much more significant for mission parameters. Solar conjunction lasts just a few weeks once every couple of years.

Having a lagrange waystation isn't worth the effort. Station keeping at a lagrange node is expensive in fuel weight and needs extra for constant directionality of receiver/transmitters. Better just to plan Mars missions around the inevitable solar conjunctions.

Of course, when we truly have interplanetary 'civilisation,' the benefit will outweigh the cost, but we are nowhere near that need.

Robert Pearlman
Editor

Posts: 55057
From: Houston, TX
Registered: Nov 1999

posted 08-13-2025 09:25 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Blue Origin's MTO is in response to the $700 million included in the One Big Beautiful Bill for...
...a high-performance Mars telecommunications orbiter that is capable of providing robust, continuous communications for a Mars sample return mission ... and future Mars surface, orbital, and human exploration missions.
The provision is in response to the President's proposed FY2026 budget, which eliminates funding for three Mars orbiters currently provided telecommunication relay services — Mars Odyssey, Mars Express and MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioNn).

Axman
Member

Posts: 797
From: Derbyshire UK
Registered: Mar 2023

posted 08-13-2025 09:43 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Axman   Click Here to Email Axman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Well, here's the problem. Or rather two problems.

Firstly: politicians really do need to stop acting like they know everything! In most cases they know FA. This is a case in point. It is absolutely, completely, and utterly impossible to have "a Mars communications orbiter that provides continuous communications" (as Scott pointed out above, there is the small matter of the Sun coming between Earth and Mars every two years).

And secondly, $700 million dollars won't even touch the sides of a serious endeavour to provide a truly continuous communications system between Earth and Mars. (i.e. one that does take into account the fact that Earth and Mars will have to have non-linear relay systems in place).

Robert Pearlman
Editor

Posts: 55057
From: Houston, TX
Registered: Nov 1999

posted 08-13-2025 10:38 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Continuous, in this sense, does not mean without interruption, but rather not limited to only line of sight of windows. The current Mars Relay Network is what NASA relies on now, but with three of the five orbiters potentially being retired, another solution is needed.

Blue Origin is one of the companies proposing a network of its orbiters to augment or replace the MRN.

SpaceAholic
Member

Posts: 5497
From: Sierra Vista, Arizona
Registered: Nov 1999

posted 08-13-2025 06:54 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for SpaceAholic   Click Here to Email SpaceAholic     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
quote:
Originally posted by Axman:
Having a lagrange waystation isn't worth the effort.
Lagrange relay is relevant for near real time continuous exchange of telecommunications during the month long conjunction. Context matters of course (whether your a human on the tip of the spear requiring urgent medical consultation or a Earth-based systems engineer dependent on uninterrupted telemetry to monitor and respond to life support anomalies).

All times are CT (US)

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