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Forum: Mercury - Gemini - Apollo
Topic: Apollo crews in lunar module on launch pad

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Message to Edit: HTML is ON UBB Code is ON Smilies Legend	Originally posted by LM-12 on 03-03-2016 07:59 AM [QUOTE]Originally posted by LM-12: [b]... the lunar landing fire-to-touchdown problem[/b][/QUOTE] The LM thermal insulation issue is mentioned in an abstract by author William F. Rogers at MSC Houston, who writes: <BLOCKQUOTE>[i]A significant thermal-design problem was caused by the effects of descent-engine-plume heating near the lunar surface. A few months before Apollo 11, test data indicated that heating rates on the landing gear were much higher than anticipated. At approximately the same time, the LM flight crew expressed a desire to have the option of using either the probe mode or the pad mode for landing. The probe mode is the primary procedure for LM touchdown and consists of descent-engine shutdown initiation after probe contact with the lunar surface but before footpad contact. The pad mode is considered a backup landing mode in which engine thrust is terminated after footpad contact. Inclusion of the pad mode resulted in even higher predicted heating rates for the landing gear... Consequently, the Apollo 11 landing-gear thermal-insulation weight was increased 39 pounds over that of Apollo 10. A more refined analysis allowed reduction of the landing-gear-insulation weight on subsequent vehicles.[/i]</BLOCKQUOTE> That extra insulation was added to LM-5 at the pad.
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